日本基础

纳豆

发酵大豆

撰稿与分析 Ryusei Hosono • • 已更新: 2024年7月3日
4.4 (104 评价)
na-dou

A dark ceramic bowl filled with natto, Japanese fermented soybeans, takes up the right side of the frame. The beans are light tan with a glossy, sticky sheen, and fine stringy threads cling to them, the hallmark of fermentation. A sprig of shiso with tiny purple flowers rests on top as a garnish. Behind the bowl, a tied bundle of rice straw holds more of the same beans spilling out, a nod to the traditional way natto was cultured inside straw. Everything sits on a woven straw mat in warm, golden light, giving the whole scene a rustic, natural feel.

A dark ceramic bowl filled with natto, Japanese fermented soybeans, takes up the right side of the frame. The beans are light tan with a glossy, sticky sheen, and fine stringy threads cling to them, the hallmark of fermentation. A sprig of shiso with tiny purple flowers rests on top as a garnish. Behind the bowl, a tied bundle of rice straw holds more of the same beans spilling out, a nod to the traditional way natto was cultured inside straw. Everything sits on a woven straw mat in warm, golden light, giving the whole scene a rustic, natural feel.


图片中的可见文字

There is no clearly readable text in the image.

纳豆 照片:Ryusei Hosono / RyuKoch

目录:

    太长不看

    纳豆就是发酵大豆,日本人吃了一千多年,据说能降血压、护骨骼,但那股浓味和拉丝的黏滑口感不是人人受得了。想尝鲜的话去日韩超市的冷冻柜找找,100克大概1到2欧元,拌点酱油、葱花配米饭最经典。

     

    传统日本料理

    纳豆配米饭

    A white bowl filled with plain white rice, topped with natto, the Japanese dish of fermented soybeans. The beans are brown and clump together in their characteristically sticky, stringy way, mounded over the center of the rice. Thinly sliced scallions in bright green rings are scattered generously over the top. The bowl sits on a plain white surface, photographed from directly above, so the whole frame reads as a simple, clean shot of the finished dish.

    A white bowl filled with plain white rice, topped with natto, the Japanese dish of fermented soybeans. The beans are brown and clump together in their characteristically sticky, stringy way, mounded over the center of the rice. Thinly sliced scallions in bright green rings are scattered generously over the top. The bowl sits on a plain white surface, photographed from directly above, so the whole frame reads as a simple, clean shot of the finished dish.


    图片中的可见文字

    No text is clearly readable in the image.

    <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natto_and_negi_on_rice.jpg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> 纳豆配米饭 | <small> 作者: Dllu </small> </a>

    纳豆(Nattō,日语:納豆 或 なっとう)是一道已有一千多年历史的日本料理,由发酵大豆制成。纳豆以其对健康的积极影响而出名。据证实,它能降低高血压,有助于预防骨质疏松和胃溃疡,并具有解毒作用。许多日本人非常推崇这种健康的大豆,有些人甚至离不开它。

    发酵过程

    发酵让大豆变得独特。通过稻草中含有的稻草杆菌使大豆发酵,从而实现保存。在这个过程中会产生一种粘液,包裹在大豆外,并拉出典型的长丝。因此,日本小孩从小就学习如何正确地吃纳豆。因为控制这些粘丝和滑腻的表面并不容易。此外,纳豆的强烈气味也需要习惯。它大致可以和欧洲某些臭干酪的味道相提并论。

    纳豆怎么吃

    典型包装的纳豆

    A white styrofoam container sits open against a plain white background, its lid propped upright. Inside rests natto, fermented soybeans recognizable by their tan color and the thin, sticky threads stretching between them. Two small sauce packets lie on top: a clear sachet of dark soy sauce with green Japanese printing and a small yellow packet of mustard, the condiments typically sold with this traditional Japanese dish.

    A white styrofoam container sits open against a plain white background, its lid propped upright. Inside rests natto, fermented soybeans recognizable by their tan color and the thin, sticky threads stretching between them. Two small sauce packets lie on top: a clear sachet of dark soy sauce with green Japanese printing and a small yellow packet of mustard, the condiments typically sold with this traditional Japanese dish.


    图片中的可见文字

    No clearly readable text.

    <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Natto_boxed.jpg" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> 纳豆配米饭 | <small> 作者: Toytoy </small> </a>

    在德国可以买到的发酵大豆,通常放在超市的冷冻柜里。每包纳豆里都包含小包装的酱油和芥末,你在准备纳豆时可以把它们搅拌进去。纳豆常常配米饭或寿司一起食用。其他调味方式包括酱油、葱、鸡蛋或泡菜。纳豆的健康功效早已广为人知。

    哪里可以买到纳豆?

    尽管是从日本进口,纳豆价格仍然相对便宜。每100克纳豆的价格在1到2欧元之间,具体视超市而定。你可以在日本或韩国超市的冷冻柜购买。通常是一组3小包的纳豆,用红纸带捆在一起。

    在亚马逊购买纳豆

    亚马逊上也可以买到发酵大豆。这也说明了纳豆正在成为一种流行趋势。不妨试试看吧。

    发酵大豆的味道如何?

    带拉丝的纳豆

    A small white ceramic bowl with a soft green glaze inside holds natto, the Japanese dish of fermented soybeans. A pair of wooden chopsticks lifts a clump of the brown beans from the bowl, stretching long, sticky, thread-like strands between the lifted portion and the rest below. The strings are the defining feature of the dish, and here they hang dramatically against a plain black background that makes the bowl and beans stand out.

    A small white ceramic bowl with a soft green glaze inside holds natto, the Japanese dish of fermented soybeans. A pair of wooden chopsticks lifts a clump of the brown beans from the bowl, stretching long, sticky, thread-like strands between the lifted portion and the rest below. The strings are the defining feature of the dish, and here they hang dramatically against a plain black background that makes the bowl and beans stand out.


    图片中的可见文字

    [No readable text in image]

    <a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/jdbaskin/5378257850/in/photolist-9cfYFC-5v2jrB-aMzUU-aQpS3Z-7rbTkZ-rabsqi-7r4xVa-7rfLFU-7KG7v7-fBFUZx-yKY3q-5LyQSt-yKXZk-qwHprD-83TSPa-6es5nN-4M3Mg8-7HVCoM-qwvicu-biH74P-SUbJa1-Todi3y-c873gj-S6Hxmi-dU91WX-bGzPHV-bmWz35-bmWAcN-5oUmqy-4mzErA-4rgqfx-3JEUmJ-4SvSgr-8RmgBZ-5gnEDs-5gnFnu-5oUmeU-8eAZHF-p9jjA-bph4iG-7FEQUj-7JE1KC-p3Z3W-iJC3kY-7FERdj-7FERyS-ecoeAT-fgbxdr-i2VYz-5Br342" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer"> 带拉丝的纳豆 | <small> 作者: JD </small> </a>

    纳豆的味道非常特别,绝对不是每个人都能接受的。你不仅需要习惯它的气味和口感,还要适应其粘滑的质地。发酵后的大豆会拉出长丝,就是这种发酵工艺的产物。对某些人来说,闻到气味、看到外观可能就已无欲尝试了。另一方面,也有人对纳豆极其喜爱。许多日本人非常喜欢这些健康的大豆,通常配米饭食用。然而,随着日本人口的减少,日本国内的纳豆消费也有所下降。因此,日本的纳豆制造商正在努力在海外(欧洲和美洲)拓展市场。

    谁知道呢,也许你很快就在普通超市也能买到纳豆了

     

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    • Gast Logo Paul - 14. August 2017 13:31

      也就是说,我今天在我70年的人生中第一次吃了Natto搭配茉莉香米,并加上了酱油和鱼露调味。味道非常棒,我一定会再吃。发酵大豆的味道有点难以形容,我觉得有点像香草加点什么?有种花香气息,我真的说不出来,只是觉得太好吃了。我很喜欢吃泰国菜,但在泰国还真没吃过这样的东西。我的妻子尝了一颗Natto豆子,马上就说“呸——”。 反正我很喜欢,于是我搞来了Natto菌,准备自己动手做Natto了。 祝好,Paul

      • RyuKoch Logo Ryusei von RyuKoch - 25. August 2017 16:08

        嗨 Paul, 太好了,你喜欢纳豆。很多人都会被那些粘丝吓到呢 :D 祝好,Ryu

    • Gast Logo KissRiz - 13. October 2018 21:36

      大家好。这个网站很棒。感谢大家。

      • RyuKoch Logo Ryusei von RyuKoch - 17. October 2018 09:23

        你好,谢谢 :)

    • Gast Logo Marcel - 06. February 2019 22:24

      嗨, 关于纳豆,我读到很多资料说它气味非常强烈,味道也很浓。但因为我喜欢尝试各种食物,所以买来试试看。结果很意外,这次买的纳豆有一股淡淡的咖啡香味,吃起来也有点咖啡味。 我的问题是,纳豆真正应该是什么味道和气味呢?因为在媒体上看到的说法好像更强烈一点(说得委婉些)。 还是说还没有完全发酵成熟?拉丝情况还是挺不错的。

      • RyuKoch Logo Ryusei von RyuKoch - 12. March 2019 18:35

        Hallo Marcel, 其实纳豆的味道和气味就像稍微发酵过的豆子。所以和咖啡搭配味道其实也没问题。 我觉得媒体上,特别是在Youtube上,很多时候都被夸大了。毕竟这样能带来更多点击量…… 此致,Ryu(RyuKoch)

    • Gast Logo Magdalena - 25. September 2020 14:58

      可以用纳豆菌发酵白豆、红豆或者大芸豆吗?我对大豆过敏。

    • Gast Logo Peter Popek - 11. May 2021 16:47

      我也很想尝试一下这个纳豆,请问哪里可以买到这种发酵剂,它叫什么名字?可以给我一个简单的食谱吗?

      • RyuKoch Logo Ryusei von RyuKoch - 09. June 2021 12:00

        Hallo Peter, 自制Natto确实很难,因为你需要巴氏杆菌。我还是更愿意直接购买Natto,这样没有任何添加剂也能直接食用 :) 问候,Ryusei

    • Gast Logo Herbert - 16. September 2023 18:02

      我在Makrobiotikversand购买纳豆,觉得它有点像咸奶酪的味道和气味。配上米饭和一点酱油非常美味。

      • RyuKoch Logo Ryusei von RyuKoch - 22. September 2023 18:22

        你好,Herbert, 很高兴你真的喜欢Natto :) 祝好,Ryusei

    • Gast Logo Kinga - 15. March 2025 18:55

      我今天尝了一下,除了包装(用的是泡沫塑料……)之外,实在是太棒了!!我太喜欢了 <3

      • RyuKoch Logo RyuKoch - 08. April 2025 21:16

        你好,Kinga,
        很高兴你喜欢这道菜!:) 顺便说一下,Natto 通常都是装在泡沫塑料包装里的。

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